March 2022 — Makto Mine

Elon Musk is a scientist or an artificial intelligence robot??

by Md Kawsar Munna | Mar 30, 2022 | Technology

Some say that he is an alien. Others say that he is an artificial intelligence robot. But when it comes down to it, Elon Musk is a scientist, one who is conquering the business world. Elon Musk has become a futuristic industrialist, a person who took his coding skills to start building machines. Most people don’t realize that Elon Musk is a scientist.

Even his own friends ask him who is the chief engineer for SpaceX, not realizing it is Elon himself. This video takes a look at how Elon Musk sees the world through a scientific mind and how his scientific way of life fuels his businesses. We take a look at the two techniques that Elon Musk uses to teach himself about new subjects and industries, from picking up books such as a Soviet rocket manual that taught him about Rockets when he was starting SpaceX to surrounding himself with experts and people working in the field that can teach him about the subjects he wants to get into.

This is the reason why he moved from Silicon Valley to La so he could get close to people working in the space industry. Elon Musk is a scientist and physicist on the inside and an engineer on the outside.

So we will also take a brief look at the thinking process behind physics and the techniques that anyone can use to view the world. Elon Musk says that he approaches things with a physics framework, even when it comes to understanding the future, saying that if you want to understand or predict the future, then look to physics.

When Elon Musk was a kid, he was scared of the dark. But then he understood that dark just means an absence of photons in the visible wavelength and that it is silly to be afraid of a lack of photons. That is how he viewed and explained darkness to himself when he was just a kid. And Elon Musk does this with maybe everything that he thinks about breaking everything down, even down to the fundamental laws of physics. Here are some other examples of the different ways Elon Musk views the world through the mind of a physicist and scientist.

When describing schools and education, he says that learning is the downloading of data and algorithms into our brains and that schools are doing a bad job of it. So he started his own school on the Joe Rogan podcast. When talking about the birth of his son, Elon Musk compares the baby to the work he has been doing on artificial intelligence and neural nets, saying that an AI neural net is trying to copy what a human brain is doing and you can see it learning quickly, just like a baby.

When it comes to happiness, the equation is reality is expectations. In describing our way of thinking and using devices, Elon Musk compares us to an operating system with bandwidth, saying that while computers can talk to each other at a trillion bits per second, we use our thumbs to interact with our phones at ten to 100 bits.

That is why he started Neuralink to connect our brains to computers. It might be the reason why Elon Musk likes memes so much since a lot of information gets passed along in just one image. He even tweeted saying, who controls the memes? Controls the universe. Elon Musk says that the best piece of advice is to keep thinking about how you could be doing things better and keep questioning yourself.

And he uses the engineering term of creating a feedback loop where you take what you have done and adjust how you could be doing it better, as people will tell you what you want to hear, not what is best.

There are two techniques that Elon Musk uses to teach himself new subjects. One is through simply picking up books, and the other is surrounding himself with smart people. Let’s first quickly take a look at how he has used books to form the wisdom and fuel for the businesses he is built. When he was a kid, Elon Musk would read up to 10 hours a day saying he was raised by books. He even read two sets of encyclopedias, which gave a good view of how different things could be connected.

Elon Musk’s formal education includes a degree in physics and one in economics. There was also the Ph.D. in Material Sciences and physics that he dropped out from. Yet his first startups out of College were all based on his coding and programming. During the early days of the Internet, Elon saw a computer for the first time when he was ten years old. The first computer he got came with workbook lessons on programming in a language called Basic, which would take six months to finish.

Elon Musk stayed up for three days straight and finished the whole six-month course. When it came time to bring banking online, which Elon was working on when starting X Com, which would later become PayPal, Elon did not have much experience in banking, so Elon bought a book on the banking industry to understand how it worked. When it came to starting SpaceX, Elon would study a Soviet rocket manual, and from friends, he would borrow books such as Rocket Propulsion Elements and The Fundamentals of astrodynamics.

How do submarines work? What kind of technology does it use?

by Md Kawsar Munna | Mar 26, 2022 | Technology

Oceans are most turbulent where the wind meets water: on their surface. The waves that race across the sea is a sign of energy, originally transmitted by the Sun and whipped up into winds, racing from one side of the planet to the other. Ships battle and lurch across tough seas where no fish—worth its salt—would ever swim. Sailing ships make good use of winds, harnessing the gusts of air to make a very effective form of propulsion. Diesel-powered ships stay on the surface for a different reason: their engines need a steady supply of oxygen to burn fuel. In theory, it should be much easier for ships to swim under the waves where the water is calmer and puts up less resistance; in practice, that creates a different set of problems.

If you’ve ever gone snorkeling or scuba diving, you’ll know that life underwater is very different from life on the surface. It’s dark and difficult to see, there’s no air to breathe, and intense water pressure makes everything feel uncomfortable and claustrophobic. Submarines are ingenious bits of engineering designed to carry people safely through this very harsh environment. Although they were originally invented as military machines, and most large subs are still built for the world’s navies, a few smaller subs do work as scientific research vessels. Most of these are submersibles (generally small, unpowered, one- or two-person submarines tethered to scientific research ships as they operate).

Submarine. It is a special vessel in the modern world. There is no answer to destroy any warship, including ships, from naval bases to land or air. It is equally proficient in marine science, rescue operations, various research activities, inspections, and maintenance. So every country in the world is running after the submarine to show its strength and power.

Bangladesh also took part in this race by adding two submarines to their fleet in 2016. Like other ordinary ships, it floats in the sea. But its specialty is that it can disappear from the chest of the sea to take part in any secret mission. Can carry out activities by hiding in the depths of the sea.

There are some submarines that can be hidden under the sea for up to 25 consecutive years. Many of us do not know how a submarine can sink underwater for so long. And how is that horrible life on the seafloor? Let’s find out from today’s discussion of Geotel Bangla.

One Ordinary ship is floating because the lower part of the inside of the ship is hollow because the volume of water that the ship removes weighs more than the weight of the ship. In this case, an upward gravitational force acts on the ship by water which is called buoyancy.

But a submarine or submarine is different from other ordinary ships. This is because the captain of a submarine can keep the ship afloat at will and submerge it at any time if necessary.

To do this, the submarine has a special tank inside which the ship is sunk or floated by filling it with air or water as required. This special tank is called a ballast tank.

When a submarine needs to be floated, its tank is filled with air. When the tank is filled with air, the submarine becomes lighter than the water outside. As a result, it floats easily on the water.

Again, When the captain decides to sink the ship, the air in the tank is blown out by an exhaust pipe, and at the same time, the tank is filled with water again. When the tank is filled with water, the weight of the submarine outweighs the water outside. As a result, the submarine sank easily.

A special air delivery device is used to fill the submarine tank with air. Tanks are filled with high-speed, high-pressure air to lift ships above the water in an emergency.

Let’s take a peek inside the submarine. Living in a submarine. The matter may seem very exciting and fun to you. But underwater sailors face daunting challenges every day. One of the major problems facing the submarine is the quality of the air inside it, the supply of clean water, and the maintenance of the temperature.

The fact that we don’t breathe from the air is actually related to 4 gases. These are nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide. When we are not breathing heavily, we take in oxygen with our breath.

Again, when we exhale, we expel the polluted carbon dioxide from our bodies.

Imagine that you are trapped inside a sealed tube with your friends, and only the air that was able to get in when you closed the tube is left.

Now the problem is the same. Since you have been shut down, no new air can enter and no air can escape from it. Here, all the submarines work in exactly the same way that you have imagined for so long.

Three things are very important for a person to survive in a submarine.

First. The inside of the submarine needs to be filled with the necessary oxygen for the sailors to breathe. For this, oxygen is usually supplied from pressurized tanks. Oxygen levels in the air are monitored by a computerized system and oxygen is supplied to the sailors as needed.

Secondly. It is also important to expel the carbon dioxide that builds up in the air after sailors breathe. Otherwise, everyone may die in the reaction. A device called a “scrubber machine” removes carbon dioxide from the air through soda lime.

Finally. The humidity created by respiration is likely to increase the density of the air inside the submarine. Which may result in damage to ship parts. This problem is finally solved by a method called a dehumidifier.

We all know why humans, without water, no animal can survive. Since it is not possible to supply water to city corporations or municipalities in submarines, the sailors of the ship have to make arrangements to produce safe drinking water in a different way.

Most submarines have a special device that can remove salt from seawater and turn it into pure drinking water. In this case, the process by which salt is removed from the water is called the distillation process. There are some submarines that are capable of producing more than 40,000 gallons of pure water per day. This water is used for all the internal work of the submarine including cooking, bathing, eating, and drinking.

The ship also uses a variety of interior components to control the temperature inside the ship and keep the sailors comfortable.

Although a nuclear submarine can stay underwater for 25 years or more, it must come to the surface for fuel or food for sailors. Generally, submarines cannot store food for more than 6 months. After more than 6 months, the quality of food gradually deteriorates.

A submarine can usually travel at a speed of 50-60 kph. For this speed of the submarine, a powerful propeller is placed behind it which is controlled by the dynamics system of the fluid. Each submarine can travel to different depths of the ocean. If you go deeper into a certain range, you have to fall into a terrible accident.

The U.S. nuclear submarine and the Russian submarine are capable of carrying the most pressure among modern submarines. But US submarines still can’t go below 4,000 feet in Surrey. If it goes, the submarine will flatten under the huge pressure of water and will explode at some point.

In 1620, a Dutchman named Cornelius Jacobsjun Drebel discovered the first submarine based on the “ballast tank theory” of the Greek scientist Archimedes. That was the first submarine in the history of the world.

Submarines were America’s main weapon during World War II. That is why only 2% of the American Navy was able to destroy 30% of the Japanese Navy. The list of wreckage included 1 warship, 6 aircraft carriers, and 11 crushers.

Type of Galaxy, clusters and aggregation, Origins & Galaxy Prediction

by Md Kawsar Munna | Mar 26, 2022 | Physics

Some galaxies are like the Milky Way, but some are quite different.

A galaxy is a vast system of dust, gas, dark matter, and a million to trillion stars that are held together by gravity. Supermassive black holes are also thought to be at the center of almost all large galaxies. In our own galaxy, the Milky Way, the Sun is one of about 100 to 400 billion stars revolving around Sagittarius A *, a supermassive black hole with a mass equal to four million suns.

The deeper we look at the universe, the more galaxies we see. A 2016 study estimated that there are two trillion or two million galaxies in the observable universe. Some of these remote systems are like our own Milky Way galaxy, others are quite different.

Galaxy variants

Before the 20th century, we did not know that galaxies other than the Milky Way existed; Earlier astronomers classified them as “nebulae” because they looked like obscure clouds. But in the 1920s, astronomer Edwin Hubble showed that the Andromeda “nebula” was a galaxy in its own right. Since it is so far away from us, light from Andromeda takes more than 2.5 million years to fill the gap. Despite the immense distance, Andromeda is the largest galaxy closest to our Milky Way, and it is so bright in the night sky that it is visible to the naked eye in the Northern Hemisphere.

In 1936, Hubble introduced a way to classify galaxies, dividing them into four main types: spiral galaxies, lenticular galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies.

More than two-thirds of all observed galaxies are spiral galaxies. A spiral galaxy consists of a flat, rotating disk with a central bulge surrounded by a spiral arm. This rotational speed of hundreds of kilometers per second can cause disk material to take on a distinct spiral shape, such as a cosmic pinwheel. Our Milky Way, like other spiral galaxies, has a linear, starred bar at its center.

Elliptical galaxies are shaped according to their names: they are usually round but can extend one axis longer than the other so that some look like a cigar. The largest known galaxy in the universe – the giant elliptical galaxy – could hold one trillion stars and spread over two million light-years. Elliptical galaxies can also be small, in which case they are called dwarf elliptical galaxies.

The elliptical galaxy contains many old stars, but also a small amount of dust and other interstellar matter. Their stars orbit the galactic center, as in the disk of a spiral galaxy, but they do so in a more random direction. Some new stars are known to form in elliptical galaxies. They are common in galaxy clusters.

Lenticular galaxies, such as the iconic Sombrero galaxy, sit between elliptical and spiral galaxies. They are called “lenticular” because they are similar to lenses: like spiral galaxies, stars have a thin, rotating star disk and a central bulge, but they do not have a spiral arm. Like elliptical galaxies, they have little dust and interstellar matter, and they often appear to form in densely populated regions of space.

Galaxies that are not spiral, lenticular, or elliptical are called irregular galaxies. Irregular galaxies – such as the large and small Magellanic clouds that surround our Milky Way – are misplaced and do not have a distinct form, often under the gravitational influence of other nearby galaxies. They are full of gas and dust, which makes them a great nursery for new star formation.

Galactic clusters and aggregation

Some galaxies are seen alone or in pairs, but they are often part of larger groups known as clusters, clusters, and superclusters. Our Milky Way, for example, consists of a local group, a galaxy group that spans about 10 million light-years, including the Andromeda galaxy and its satellites. Both the local cluster and its neighboring galaxy cluster, the Virgo cluster, contain larger Virgo superclusters, densities of galaxies that span approximately 100 million light-years across. The virgin supercluster, instead, is a part of the Laniakia, an even larger supercluster of 100,000 galaxies that was defined by astronomers in 2014.

Clusters of galaxies often interact and even merge into a dynamic cosmic dance of gravitational interaction. When two galaxies collide and merge, gases can flow toward the galactic center, which can quickly trigger events such as star formation. Our own Milky Way will merge with the Andromeda Galaxy in about 4.5 billion years.

Astronomers have predicted that our home galaxy will merge with our neighboring galaxy Andromeda.

Since elliptical galaxies have older stars and fewer gases than spiral galaxies, the types of galaxies seem to represent part of the natural evolution: spiral galaxies interact and coalesce with age, losing their familiar shape and becoming elliptical galaxies. But astronomers are still working on specific issues, such as why elliptical galaxies follow certain patterns in brightness, size, and chemical composition.

Galaxy origins

The first stars in the universe ignited about 180 million years after the Big Bang, the explosive moment 13.8 billion years ago that marked the origin of the universe as we know it. Gravity sculpted the first galaxies in shape when the universe was 400 million years old or less than 3 percent of its current age.

Astronomers now think that almost all galaxies – with possible exceptions – are embedded in a huge halo of dark matter. Theoretical models further suggest that early in the universe, the huge tendrils of Dark Matter provided the gravitational scaffold normal matter needed to first merge into the galaxy.

However, there are still open questions about how galaxies form. Some believe that galaxies are made up of small clusters of about one million stars, known as globular clusters, while others believe that galaxies were formed first and then globular clusters. It is also difficult to determine how many stars in a given galaxy are formed from their own gas, formed in another galaxy, and later join the group.

By letting astronomers see the farthest boundaries of the universe এবং and early moments, instruments like NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope will help solve long-standing questions.

Middle class families and there some bad habits to be themselves.

by Md Kawsar Munna | Mar 10, 2022 | Psychology

I myself come from a middle-class family, so if I write something wrong, please forgive me.

There are many habits of the middle-class family, which are so closely associated with the members of the middle-class family and their lives as natural laws. So it becomes difficult to identify them.

The middle-class family loves cricket games very much. But they don’t play cricket, they only watch cricket.
They waste time watching sports and then discussing it with friends and wasting time there too.
On the other hand, upper-class families take sports as a hobby, they are able to maintain their fitness through sports. They are more interested in making money by buying different types of teams in the game.

The middle-class family likes to spend time watching reality shows (Bigg Boss), popular shows (IIFA, Kapil Sharma Show), and popular serials (Rasmani, Kailashnathan, or Saas-Bahoor) on television. Moreover, social media platforms are the most popular nowadays. On the other hand, upper-class families prefer to come on television.

Middle-class families are always reactive. They give their control to others and get upset over little things. They blame others for their mistakes but do not take responsibility.
- Upper-class families, on the other hand, are always active. Doesn’t react, shows up and takes responsibility, and doesn’t try to blame anyone by repeating mistakes. They try to learn from every mistake.

Middle-class families usually envy upper-class families. They waste time criticizing, and they view money negatively, ie – money is the root of evil. Upper-class families don’t care about these, they work on their dreams, and they work perfectly to realize their passion.
Middle-class families do a lot more than they need to, which in my opinion usually public affairs. For example, if you don’t shop for pantaloons, Durga Puja is mud, if you don’t make a blazer from Raymond, it doesn’t fit your body. Despite having a 100cc or 150cc motorbike, Bullet aka Royal Enfield doesn’t work, etc., etc. So says Emma Watson, “Wearing unbranded and cheap clothes doesn’t mean you’re poor. Remember: you have a family to feed. Not a community to impress” The sentence should properly mean middle-class family.

Middle-class families invest their life savings in an event like a wedding which is a social status।
- Upper-class families don’t think about others they invest their savings and build their wealth.

Middle-class families stop acquiring knowledge after a certain period. But the elite families keep lending their knowledge and never stop learning.

These are some of the unwritten rules and practices of middle-class families, which make them stay middle class.

There are also other lessons that never allow the middle class to grow up. পড়ুন Read the reasons why the middle class is the best! Who will prevent the middle class from becoming poor?