How do I decide or taking important decisions wisely?

by | Apr 29, 2021 | Knowledge

The way to make the right decision is more important for those who often have to make different kinds of important decisions.
There is more or less indecision in the process of making big important decisions. We are familiar with the term indecision. We have all had this problem at some point.
Some may be less, some may be more.
Lack of confidence in one’s ability to make the right decision, and lack of knowledge of the basics of making the right decision in any matter, cause many to suffer from indecision or often make the wrong decision.

These problems are especially prevalent when making important decisions.

Today you will be informed about the main ways to make the right decision and the methods to get rid of indecision. But before that, let’s find out what kind of people make the wrong decision most of the time.

Who makes the wrong decision?

Basically, two types of people make wrong decisions. The number one group of people is those who are afraid to decide anything. Thinking too much makes your head hurt, but even after thinking so much, you are afraid to come to a conclusion. Then, when the time is near, something works out discussion is something that is often bad.

And the people of group number two are very brave or very restless. They don’t care if they need to make a decision. A lot of ‘hold the board – hit the nail’ type. Small or large – any task they want to get over quickly. They say, “I work first, which will be seen later.” 

Although this attitude is necessary in some cases – if it becomes excessive, the loss is greater than the gain. And for some, as a baby gets older, he or she will outgrow this.

important-decisions

Basically, these two types of people make the wrong decisions most of the time. Think carefully – do you have any of these two? And keep reading the way to make the right decision and the way to get rid of indecision. To be successful in any field of life, you must know how to make the right decision.

Here are 5 ways to make the right decision and get rid of indecision:

While researching ways to make the right decision, we searched through various websites, journals, and magazines and found a total of 5 ways – which can be useful for everyone. So let’s find out the 5 ways.

01. The goal must be clearly defined:

Many people decide exactly what goal they want to achieve – without considering it well. This increases the likelihood that the decision will be wrong. Now, many may say, does anyone think of making a decision without knowing the goal?

It is true that people have a purpose in mind when making a decision. But often that purpose is not clear. It is important that the goal or objective is clear enough to make the right decision.

Let’s give an example. Suppose Assad has just finished his studies. Now his goal is to get a ‘good job’ and earn ‘good money. It must be a goal – but it is clearly stated or ‘ clearly defined’ is not.

Now, remember, Assad, got a good job, and a good salary. But after a while, it turned out that he was not enjoying his work, and from there he could not learn anything new – so that he could improve further. Day by day his needs increased, he got married, he had children – but his income did not increase in that proportion. In the beginning, the money that seemed good at first now seems to be very low.

 After all this time, Assad realized that he had made the wrong decision. So that you can easily understand the matter – so I have chosen a common example. But behind every one of our wrong decisions is the lack of this clearly defined goal.

Now let’s talk about how to set clear goals. That means solving this problem. Come back to Assad’s words. His goal was a good job and a good salary. But if he had set more specific goals, he could have made better decisions. 

For example, what he really wants to do in a job, what kind of position he wants to work in, what he really wants to learn from the job, and how much money he wants to earn from it – if he had considered these – he would not have been in danger later.

Maybe he should have gone out after studying English – in which case he should have used his education – he should have been looking for a job so that he could enjoy the job. It was also necessary to calculate exactly how much money is needed to support the family nowadays and for future financial security. Maybe he needed to earn around Tk 50,000 a month. 

His decision to start a new family was also wrong because he did not do this calculation. So no matter what you decide to do, it is important to know exactly what you are going through. Then it will be much easier to make the right decision.

02. Write down the details before making any major decision:

Even if we don’t realize it, we spend our whole day making decisions, big or small. Get up in the morning and take a bath with hot or cold water, what to eat for breakfast, what clothes to spend the day after – these are all small decisions. There is no need to spend too much time behind these decisions.

But when it comes to making big decisions – such as starting a business, changing jobs, enrolling in a university, or choosing a course of study – you need to think deeply and carefully. And it is important to write down the details involved in the decision. Many of us do not consider this work unnecessary. But if you do this, the chances of making the right decision will increase a lot.

Writing down the facts or issues involved in the problem and solution will reduce the chances of some omissions in the decision-making process. If you have a written recipe in front of you while cooking, there is no possibility of omitting any ingredients during cooking, just as there is no possibility of omitting any ingredients even if the issues involved are written in front of you while making a decision.

Read More:

  1. What makes people smart and intelligent?
  2. What is the easy way to know yourself?
  3. Is it that true we lose brain cells? What makes it possible?
  4. Why intelligent people are childish or immature?
  5. Why are genius people so many Intellectually humble?

What to write?

# Goal:

As I said before, before you make a decision, you need to know exactly what you want from there – the goal and purpose. If you decide on a page what goals you want to achieve – write them down – then the matter will become much more detailed and clear.

# Pros and cons:

Any decision will lead to some good and some bad results. If you leave your current job and move to a new one – in addition to gaining some benefits from the new job, you will lose some of the benefits of the current job. After receiving a new job offer, it would be better to stay in the previous one or join the new one – if you want to make the right decision, you must make such a list. In English, it is called the ‘pros and cons list’.

Write the good side of joining a new job on one side of the paper, the bad side on the other side. It is better to spend some time in solitude while doing this. Write down whatever comes to your mind. When you finish writing, consider the good and bad aspects and make a decision. This will greatly reduce the chances of your decision being wrong.

03. Consider other factors involved in the decision and keep in mind the long-term consequences:

A decision can affect many things. As well as what looks good in the short term, it may not be what it looks like in the long term. Let’s go back to the example of Assad mentioned in point 1. When he first decided to take up his job, it was not a matter of job satisfaction or professional satisfaction. Because of this, he was in danger later.

When he joined the job, he did not think about whether he would like to do this job or not. Or whether he can learn something from it that will advance his career. He got into trouble later because he did not consider these issues related to the job.

Many of us are inclined to make many decisions and then get into trouble. There are other factors to consider when making a decision. If necessary, you can write these down. One of the great advantages of writing is that when you sit down to write, you remember a lot of things that just don’t come to mind when you think about them.

In addition to the issues involved, the long-term consequences of any decision need to be considered. What is a good decision today that may have bad consequences tomorrow? So before making a decision, one has to think about the long-term consequences of the decision in addition to other issues related to it.

If Assad had thought about marriage and children a few years before he decided to take the job, he might have been looking for another promising job. Where there were opportunities for rapid improvement in career and financial condition. As a result of making decisions without long-term thinking, many people are in danger.

Before making a big decision, try to figure out where the impact will be after a year. Sit down with a pen and paper if needed. Write the decision in the middle. Write around him the issues involved in the decision. Now think about how the decision can affect some issues as well as at what time. What will be the effect after 1 month ?, What will it affect after 1 year? What will happen after 2 years? – Keep thinking like this.

It may seem a little strange to read the matter. But then when you sit down and make a big decision and consider things in writing like this on a piece of paper – then you see, there are a lot of things catching your eye that don’t catch on. If you make a decision in this process, you will see that your decision is going much better.

04. Don’t indulge in emotions:

Those who make more emotional decisions actually make the wrong decisions most of the time. I’m not saying that emotion is a bad thing. Emotion is actually a much bigger inspiration. Happiness, love, Maya, ambition, self-confidence – all these emotions make people great.

But the decision to prioritize emotions is often wrong. We often make big decisions in our lives because of our emotions – which in a short period of time leads to our downfall.

Only by being angry do we end up in many relationships, which leads to grief for the rest of our lives. Again, many people get emotional and get married without thinking – and most of the time that decision is proved wrong. But then there is nothing to do. The study, job, business – in these cases, giving more priority to reason than emotion increases the chances of making the right decision.

When you think with emotion, you see only the bad or good aspects of many things. But honestly, everything has its ups and downs. When you become emotionally blind, you only see the side you want to see. On the other hand, if you think logically, you will see the good and bad aspects of any subject. This will make it easier to make the right decision.

# Tips 1:

Before you make a decision, if you see that the emotion behind the decision is working too much, stop the decision-making process for that time. Taking a break will reduce the effect of emotions and you will be able to make a thoughtful decision in a cold head.

# Tips 2:

Whether emotions are good or bad, do not make any emotion the main factor in making decisions. Good emotions obscure the bad aspects of decision-making, and bad emotions do not allow good aspects to be seen. So take some time to make a decision based on good emotions. When the level of emotion decreases then make a thoughtful decision.

05. Seek the advice of the right people and do your own research:

important-decisions

It is always a good idea to seek expert advice when making decisions. If you come up with something out of the ordinary, then they have to re-think their position. But one thing to keep in mind is that the person you are seeking advice really wants the best for you, and he or she has the knowledge and experience to make that decision. 

Don’t take anyone’s advice just because you are older. You may want to seek advice from someone who has never filled out a tax form. In this case, if he gives you any advice – and you decide according to that advice – it is more likely to be wrong. 

So it is very important to choose the right person for advice. One thing to keep in mind in this case, to not rely too much on the advice of others in making decisions. If the decision is wrong then the guilt will be put on the person giving the advice and the relationship will be ruined. So, no matter how much advice you take, make the decision at your own risk.

In addition to taking advice from experienced and well-meaning people, do some research on what you want to decide. Look at books, look at magazines – that is, take as much knowledge as you can about decision making – this will greatly increase your chances of making the right decision.

Last words:

If you know the right decision-making methods and can use them to make the right decision most of the time, then you will be free from the curse of indecision. It will build your self-confidence. In fact, this lack of faith leaves people in indecision. We are not saying that following these procedures will make you the right decision in all matters. 

But instead of making decisions without thinking or thinking too much, your chances of making the right decision in the process will increase a lot. Whatever decision you make, you can make that decision through a tidy process. And you get a good idea of ​​what the consequences will be. You will understand how to go about each step, and which ones need to be done and which are not.

The key to success in life is to make the right decisions. And to make that right decision easier for you – that’s why I’m writing this. Even if this article helps you a little in making the right decision – then we will think that our purpose is successful.

Thanks 

The beginning of the most popular search engine GOOGLE

by | Apr 29, 2021 | History, Information

Google! The most popular search engine in the world.
But how did Google’s journey begin? Who first came up with the idea of ​​launching something that would make people’s lives a thousand times easier!

Introduction:

Google was started by two young students at Stanford University in California, USA, who were doing their Ph.D. at the time. Their names are Larry Page and Sergey Brin. Google was created by these two people – now one of the most valuable companies in the world. Tamara Manner, a computer scientist, was at Stanford at the same time as the two Google founders. This feature will be a part of my recollection of how his two friends Larry and Sergei came up with the idea of ​​a new type of search engine in the early days of the Internet.

Revolutionary change

In the mid-1990s. Two postgraduate students at Stanford came up with the idea – which later revolutionized the Internet world of human civilization. Sergei Brin said, “We have always felt that such an initiative has business potential. But at that time our idea was to create a very good search engine and reach as many people as possible. ” In the words of Larry Page, “Our mission was to streamline the world’s information, where people from all over the world could enter, benefiting everyone.” I thought it would be a great thing for the whole world. “ Larry laughed a lot. Besides, he was very intelligent and funny. Sergei, on the other hand, was a little serious. But they both deal with their confidence as they choose to embark on their play activities. Maybe it was a part of their personality and maybe that’s why Google has become such a different place. Larry Page was born in Michigan. And Sergei Brin was born in Russia. However, both parents were academics and both came to Stanford to pursue a Ph.D. in computer science. They first met in 1995. At the time, California’s Silicon Valley was a place of great potential. In Silicon Valley than the vibrancy of creation. Something new is being born everywhere. Everything is possible. One of the best things about the mid-1990s was that you could get a lot of great and attractive job offers at any one party. Everywhere then start-ups – it means starting a new business, almost like an explosion. One-fourth of the graduate students at the time were start-ups. That was a wonderful place for a computer scientist. Tamara worked in the same office with Larry Page and three others at Stanford. “When you meet Larry, you meet Sergei – because they’ve always been together,” he said. Even then, their friendship was not straightforward. ” Both later said that when they first met, they did not like each other at all.

New start:

In 1997, Page R. Brin launched a thesis project – How to Improve the Search for Different Pages on the Internet. Search engines say there was almost nothing then. Although it’s hard to imagine now, the process of finding something in the early days of the Internet was very chaotic and troublesome. If you want to find something then you have to rely on a hand-made index or index! Besides, there was no other way then. “The world of the internet was so small back then that when someone clicked on my webpage, I kept logging in. What a thrill – someone clicked on my webpage!” Page and Brin realize that when someone is looking for a webpage, it’s not just about being relevant, it’s about whether it’s valuable to previous users. For example, when you’re searching for ‘how to make a chocolate cake’, you’re not just looking for a page that has the word chocolate cake on it, you want that page – the page that other people have judged to be the best chocolate cake. From this comes page ranking, algorithms – a new idea! Detailed information about this algorithm will be available in the second installment of Google Adopt! This algorithm was used in a search engine called Backrub – it was launched by Page and Brin in 1998. Originally, this backbone was the predecessor of Google!

GOOGLE’S FIRST OFFICE!

The following year, Page and Brin left the Stamford University campus. They raised ১০ 1 million with the help of friends, family, and a few investors, and started their own company. Its office was in Menlo Park, California, in a friend’s garage. From that garage office, Google is one of the biggest companies in the world today!

by spelling mistake, ‘Gogole’ became ‘Google’!

Backrub was so popular at the time that Stanford’s internet often crashed, unable to cope with the pressure. At this point, its two founders, Larry and Sergei, thought the company needed a new name. That’s why everyone sat in a ‘brainstorming’ meeting to hear the ideas of different people. The decision taken at that meeting has now become a legend in the age of information technology. That’s where the name Google was suggested. That name is written on the whiteboard of Stanford University. The name was GOOGOL – a mathematical word – meaning 100 zeros on the back of 1. But there was a spelling mistake in writing that – unintentionally, or who knows – maybe on purpose! GOOGLE! But that misspelling (‘G Double and GLOE’ / GOOGLE) eventually survived. The Google.com domain name was registered on September 15, 1997. Creation is a new chapter!

Introduction to GOOGLE – DOODLE!

Shortly afterward, the first Google Doodle came out – a change in the Google logo that reminds us of a particular person, event, or day. The first doodle was about a burning man – meaning Page and Brin went on a trip to the Burning Man festival in Nevada. Google has done many things that have not been done in the corporate world. Such as this Google doodle. The first doodle had a picture of a man on fire. Yet this Google Doodle changes its interface by remembering something special every day!

Google is now the most popular search engine in the world!

The search engine was very easy to use. All you have to do is type a word or two into their interface. The size of their company began to grow exponentially. In August 2004, Google moved to its new headquarters in California. Whose name is Googleplex? That same year the company was listed on the stock market. Google has become so much a part of our lives that it has become a noun and a verb. That misspelled ‘Google’ is now a noun! A verb! A brand! Google is making hundreds of billions of dollars from advertising alone. They have been accused of tax evasion, monopoly power in the market, and censorship in China. More Content: Is it that true we lose brain cells? What makes it possible? What is the easy way to know yourself? What makes people smart and intelligent? Make People Like You IMMEDIATELY with Psychological Tricks. High IQ individuals lack social skills why do people say that? This is Google’s first episode! In the second part, I will try to present all the details of the Google Algorithm. Research References – – BBC News – Wikipedia

মানুষ সৃষ্টি মাটি থেকে, কোরআন এবং বিজ্ঞান এর প্রমাণ ও ব্যাখ্যা

by | Apr 28, 2021 | Religious

কোরআনে, আল্লাহ প্রকাশ করেন যে মানুষের সৃষ্টি একটি অলৌকিক ঘটনা। প্রথম মানব সন্তান আল্লাহ মাটির মধ্যে তৈরি করেছিলেন, তারপর তিনি এই মাটির কাঠামোকে রুহ দান করেন। ‘মানুষ মাটির তৈরি’—এ কথা সর্বতোভাবে হজরত আদম (আ.) সম্পর্কে প্রযোজ্য। তাঁর সৃষ্টির পর তাঁর সন্তানদের জন্ম হয়েছে তাঁর ঔরস থেকে। সেটা হয়েছে, নারী ও পুরুষের বিশেষ ক্রিয়ার মাধ্যমে। কোরআন বিষয়টাকে আরো সরাসরি বলেছে—‘মানুষকে সৃষ্টি করা হয়েছে সবেগে স্খলিত পানি (বীর্য) থেকে।’ (সুরা : তারিক, আয়াত : ৬)

“আপনি তাদেরকে জিজ্ঞেস করুন, তাদেরকে সৃষ্টি করা কঠিনতর, না আমি অন্য যা সৃষ্টি করেছি? আমিই তাদেরকে সৃষ্টি করেছি আঠালো মাটি থেকে।“ [৩৭:১১]

আদি পিতা আদম (আ.) ও তাঁর সন্তানদের জন্ম প্রক্রিয়ার এ পার্থক্য বুঝতে না পারার কারণে কোনো কোনো অবিশ্বাসী অহেতুক কোরআনের বক্তব্যের ওপর আপত্তি করে। সুতরাং কোরআন যেখানে বলেছে, ‘মানুষ মাটির তৈরি’—কথাটা নিজ স্থানে সত্য। আবার যেখানে বলা হয়েছে, ‘মানুষকে সৃষ্টি করা হয়েছে বীর্য থেকে’—এ কথাও নিজ স্থানে সত্য। উভয়ের মধ্যে পার্থক্য ও বৈপরীত্য নেই। তবে পবিত্র কোরআনের আলোচ্য আয়াত থেকে একটি মৌলিক সত্য জানা যায়। বিষয়টি হলো, মানুষের মূল উপাদান মাটি থেকে প্রস্তুত হয়েছে। এ উপাদান প্রস্তুত করতে তাতে সুনিশ্চিতভাবে পানি ঢোকানো হয়েছে। কোরআনের এ বক্তব্য অকাট্য ও চিরস্থায়ী। আজ অবধি কোনো মতবাদের সঙ্গে এ বক্তব্যের সংঘাত হয়নি, ভবিষ্যতেও হবে না। কোরআন বলছে, মানুষের সৃষ্টি একটি অলৌকিক ঘটনা। মহান আল্লাহ কাদামাটি দিয়ে প্রথম মানব সৃষ্টি করেছেন। তারপর তিনি এই কাদার কাঠামোকে রুহ বা আত্মা দান করেছেন। ইরশাদ হয়েছে, ‘স্মরণ করো, তোমার প্রতিপালক ফেরেশতাদের বলেছিলেন, আমি মানুষ সৃষ্টি করছি কাদামাটি থেকে। যখন আমি তাকে সুষম করব এবং তাতে আমার রুহ সঞ্চার করব, তখন তোমরা তার প্রতি সিজদাবনত হয়ো।’ (সুরা : সাদ, আয়াত : ৭২-৭৩) কোরআনের এ বক্তব্য আদি পিতা আদম (আ.)-এর গঠন প্রক্রিয়া সম্পর্কে। তবে পিতার এই জন্ম-উপাদান বংশ পরম্পরায় ধারণ করেছে সন্তানরা। তাই বর্তমানে যখন মানষের শরীর পরীক্ষা করা হয়, তখন দেখা যায়, মাটির অনেক উপাদান মানবদেহে বিদ্যমান। জীবিত পেশিতে আধুনিক গবেষণায় দেখা গেছে, প্রায় ৯৫ শতাংশ কার্বন, হাইড্রোজেন, অক্সিজেন, নাইট্রোজেন, ফসফরাস ও সালফারসহ সব মিলিয়ে প্রায় ২৬টি উপাদান পাওয়া যায়। কোরআনের অন্য আয়াতে আরো পরিষ্কারভাবে বলা হয়েছে, ‘আমি তো মানুষ সৃষ্টি করেছি মাটির উপাদান (মাটি জাতীয় উপকরণ) থেকে।’ (সুরা : মুমিনুন, আয়াত : ১২) আমরা দেখি, আধুনিক বিজ্ঞানের পাওয়া এ তথ্য পবিত্র কোরআনে ১৪০০ বছর আগে প্রকাশ করা হয়েছে।

বিজ্ঞান থেকে যদি ব্যাখ্যা করা হয় ->

আজ কখন মানুষের শরীর পরীক্ষা করা হয়, এইটি খুঁজে বার করা হয়ত যাবে যে পৃথিবীর মাটির অনেক উপাদান মানব শরীরে বর্তমান আছে। জীবিত পেশীতে প্রায় ৯৫{65d74b771b6ceff07eaefc19ffed56e0ab6ea89ffc0f0b38516c35f1ac414386} কার্বন, হাইড্রোজেন, অক্সিজেন, নাইট্রোজেন, ফসফরাস এবং সালফার সহ সব মিলিয়ে প্রায় ২৬ টি উপাদান পাওয়া যায়, কোরআনের অন্য একটি আয়াতে বলা হয়েছে:

“আমি মানুষকে মাটির সারাংশ থেকে সৃষ্টি করেছি।“ [২৩:১২].

নিচে একটি ৭০ কেজি মানবদেহে প্রাপ্ত উপাদানের পরিমাণ দেয়া হল।

আরও পড়ুনঃ কিভাবে কাটাবে রমজানে পিরিয়ডের দিন গুলো কাশি দেওয়ার সময় মহিলাদের প্রস্রাব চলে আসে কেন? হঠাৎ করে বসা অবস্থা থেকে উঠে দাঁড়ালে মাথা ঘোরে কেন? করণীয় কী? spend your day in Ramadan? QNA টেলিপ্যাথি কী? টেলিপ্যাথি’র মাধ্যমে কীভাবে যোগাযোগ হয়ে থাকে? চিন্তা ও টেনশন মুক্ত জীবন পেতে করনীয় কি ? কী এমন প্রশ্ন করে মানুষের ব্যক্তিত্ব সম্পর্কে জানতে পারি?

উপাদান +সংকেত+ শতকরা–

অক্সিজেন O -৬৫.০-৪৩০০০

কার্বন C-১৮.৫-১২০০০

হাইড্রজেন H-৯.৫-৬৩০০

নাইট্রোজেন-N-৩.৩-২০০০

ক্যালসিয়াম-CA ১.৫-১১০০

ফস্ফরাস P-১.০-৭৫০

পটাশিয়াম K-.৩৫-২২৫

সালফার S-.২৫-১৫০

ক্লোরিন-CL .১৫-১০০

সোডিয়াম NA-.১৫-৯০

ম্যাগ্নেসিয়াম-MG-.০৫-৩৫

সিলিকন-SI-.০৫-৩০

লোহা FR-.০১-৪২০০

দস্তা ZN-.০১-২৪০০

তামা CU-.০১-৯০

বোরন BR .০১-৬৮

কোবাল্ট CO-.০১-২০

ভ্যানাডিয়াম-VD-.০১-২০

আয়ডিন I-.০১-১৫

সেলেনিয়াম-SE-.০১-১৫

ম্যাঙ্গানিজ MN-.০১-১৩

মলিবডেনাম-MO-.০১-৮

ক্রমিয়াম-CR-.০১-৬।

আমাদের দেহে মাটিতে থাকা প্রায় সব উপাদান বিদ্যমান।

সূত্রঃ কোরআন এবং ইন্টারনেট

Is it that true we lose brain cells? What makes it possible?

by | Apr 27, 2021 | Information

Today I wanna tell you the truth that we lose brain cells. What makes it possible? In 1962, scientist Joseph Altman challenged this belief when he saw evidence of neurogenesis (the birth of neurons) in a region of the adult rat brain called the hippocampus. He later reported that newborn neurons migrated from their birthplace in the hippocampus to other parts of the brain. In 1979, another scientist, Michael Kaplan, confirmed Altman’s findings in the rat brain, and in 1983 he found neural precursor cells in the forebrain of an adult monkey. These discoveries about neurogenesis in the adult brain were surprising to other researchers who didn’t think they could be true in humans. But in the early 1980s, a scientist trying to understand how birds learn to sing suggested that neuroscientists look again at neurogenesis in the adult brain and begin to see how it might make sense. In a series of experiments, Fernando Nottebohm and his research team showed that the numbers of neurons in the forebrains of male canaries dramatically increased during the mating season. This was the same time in which the birds had to learn new songs to attract females. Why did these bird brains add neurons at such a critical time in learning? Nottebohm believed it was because fresh neurons helped store new song patterns within the neural circuits of the forebrain, the area of the brain that controls complex behaviors. These new neurons made learning possible. If birds made new neurons to help them remember and learn, Nottebohm thought the brains of mammals might too. Other scientists believed these findings could not apply to mammals, but Elizabeth Gould later found evidence of newborn neurons in a distinct area of the brain in monkeys, and Fred Gage and Peter Eriksson showed that the adult human brain produced new neurons in a similar area. For some neuroscientists, neurogenesis in the adult brain is still an unproven theory. But others think the evidence offers intriguing possibilities about the role of adult-generated neurons in learning and memory.  

Cells of all of our tissues are always dying, some at a faster rate than others, even in the absence of trauma, toxins (like alcohol), or disease.

In the aggregate, the number of brain cells slowly grows as our body grows (ie) new cells outnumber dying cells, with growth spurts in infancy and teen years that correspond to growth spurts in the rest of our bodies, and result in leaps in learning and behavioral sophistication during those years.

At about age 21, the total mass of our brain cells plateaus at its maximum, meaning cell death is just balanced by cell growth. In the mid-’20s, the brain cell mass starts to fall, at a slow steady rate that would cross the zero line at about age 110, likely reflecting cell death without much new growth. This is of course, based on average estimates, so there are a few exceptional people who seem to retain the impressive mental capacity for their ages.

The explanation for this is to be found under the topic “senescence” in cell biology. Human cell lines seem to be programmed to have a finite lifetime on the order of a century, after which the cell lines, either individual long-lived cells or the whole family of cells derived from the first ancestor to the last descendent, lose the capacity to continue living or reproducing.

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Every time a neuron in the brain is recovering from activity there is a statistical probability that it will undergo an excitotoxic seizure and be destroyed. In a healthy brain, the strong cleansing circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) maintains a virtually negligible probability for that type of neuron destruction. However, as the infrastructure in the brain ages, the pumped volume of CSF circulating through the brain gradually decreases, and at a critically low volume of CSF circulating through the brain the probability for neuron destruction during recovery from activity increases sufficiently to cause the onset of brain diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.

But seriously, we do lose a lot of brain cells as we age. After age 40, the human brain shrinks about 5% every 10 years and is still faster after age 70 (1). The cerebral gyri (folds) become narrower, the sulci (grooves between the gyri) become wider, the cortex (grey matter) gets thinner, and there’s more space between the brain and skull.

Here’s a comparison of MRI images of the brain of a 27-year-old (left) and 87-year-old (right) (2).

It’s not known for certain how much brain shrinkage is due to loss of neurons (nerve cells) versus supporting cells (neuroglia) that constitute the brain, or due to actual loss of neurons versus reduction in the size and extent of branching of existing neurons (3).

Some of the loss of brain volume in old age may be due not to cellular loss but water loss

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What makes people smart and intelligent?

by | Apr 27, 2021 | Psychology

One reason people may find discussing intelligence uncomfortable is the belief that it is something you are born with and so you can do nothing to influence it. This undercuts social equality and feeds into the link between intelligence testing and eugenics, which still looms large for many.
  • Exercise: the brain generates new neurons when you exercise, and interestingly, even if you take long walks.
  • Thinking: once neurogenesis is achieved through exercise, the newly-minted neurons die out naturally unless you strengthen them. This is done when you push your brain to its limits, like solving tough mathematical problems, write a non-trivial computer program, write philosophy, and so forth.
  • Mirroring: the brain has mirror neurons that pick up at the subconscious level whatever it finds in its vicinity. If you are surrounded by smart, intelligent, and wise people, you will slowly become more and more like them. The converse is true too, so avoiding morons is imperative.
  • Sleep: when you sleep at night, and early, getting 8 hours and waking up without an alarm clock, you allow your brain to optimally function.
  • Brain food: certain foods are superfoods for the brain. Dried wolfberries for overall mental optimization, blueberries for enhancing memory, and walnuts for repair, for instance. Have 5 walnuts a week, at the very least. Look, it even looks like your brain. If you can’t have walnuts, consume fish, twice a week.
  • De-stressing: stress reduces brain plasticity, causing mental retardation (you will make bad choices), suggestibility (you will usually agree to whatever people say), and ultimately depression (you will begin to despise yourself). On the flip side, removing stress from your life increases and improves your brain capacity and function. How to de-stress? Avoid the potential sources of stress instead of forcing yourself not to re-act is one method. Another is exercising and building muscle, as muscles absorb your daily stress, leaving your brain free and intact.
  • Reading: updating the cognitive riches of your mind can have long-lasting and life-changing benefits. Read great books by excellent authors, and see for yourself how quickly you will begin to see the world through the new lenses acquired from your readings.
  • Love: yes, indeed. Having love in your life (when you hug your loved one) causes the brain to release oxytocin—the feel-good neuro-chemical—which improves brain function and strengthens your willpower. If you have trouble with human love, get yourself a pet, a cat will do. Cats show humans a great deal of love and are lovable creatures.
For many years, the search for specific intelligence genes proved unfruitful. Recently, however, genetic studies have grown big and powerful enough to identify at least some of the genetic underpinnings of IQ. Although each gene associated with intelligence has only a minuscule effect in isolation, the combined effect of the 500-odd genes identified so far is quite substantial. “We are still a long way from accounting for all the heritability,” says Plomin, “but just in the last year we have gone from being able to account for about 1 percent of the variance to maybe 10 percent.” So genes matter, but they are certainly not destiny. “Genetics gives us a blueprint – it sets the limits. But it is the environment that determines where within those limits a person develops,” says psychologist Russell Warne at Utah Valley University. “About 50 percent of the difference in intelligence between people is due to genetics” Consider the height, another highly heritable trait. Children will grow taller if they eat a nutritious diet than if they eat a less nutritious one because a good diet helps them achieve their full genetic potential. Likewise with intelligence. Iodine deficiency during childhood is associated with lower IQ, and addressing this in developing countries has boosted cognitive skills. So too has treating parasitic worms and removing lead from petrol. Other environmental influences on IQ are not as obvious. Cases of abuse and neglect aside, twin studies reveal that the shared family environment has only a very small effect on cognitive ability. Plomin, therefore, suspects that intelligence has less to do with parenting style than chance. “It’s idiosyncratic factors that make a difference,” he says, “like the kid becomes ill or something like that – but even then, children tend to bounce back to their genetic trajectory.”

There are many more but this answer will become too long otherwise. 

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What is the easy way to know yourself?

by | Apr 26, 2021 | Knowledge, Psychology

One of the ways to know yourself is to give dignity to any beautiful person. Love him Atmanang Bidhi has been mentioned in Indian philosophy. That is to know oneself in a strong way. Discover me.

If I could recognize you, if not the beauty of life – then what do I know about myself? I like the late actor Irrfan Khan’s lunch box movie very much. And the story of knowing oneself is linguistic throughout the picture.

To truly know yourself is the most important skill you can every possess. When you know who you are, you know what you need to do, instead of looking for permission from others to do what you already know you ought to do. It allows you to bypass tons of frustration caused by putting time into the wrong things. Yes, life is supposed to be full of trial and error, but this lets you find the best areas for you to experiment in the first place. Once you know yourself, you will become more confident, you will understand your purpose, and you will begin making a bigger impact on the world.
So how can you know who you are and what you ought to do in life? Here are the six steps you need to take in order to know your true self:

1. Be quiet.

You cannot and will not be able to know yourself until you take the time to be still. Many people don’t know themselves because any sort of silence scares them; it’s too uncomfortable to be alone with every flaw staring back at them. But it isn’t until you get alone, evaluate yourself, and are completely truthful with yourself that you will actually be able to see every facet of your life—the good and the bad. Be quiet and discover your true self.
“Observing yourself is the necessary starting point for any real change.” —Chalmers Brothers

2. Realize who you truly are, not who you want to be.

I know you already have a set idea of who you desperately want to be, but it might not be who you were designed to be; this is why knowing who you really are is so important. When you know who you are, you will finally see where you and your specific gifts fit into the bigger picture. And although there are many points along your journey to help you discover yourself, the best way to begin is to take a personality test and the StrengthsFinder test. (If it’s been five or more years since you’ve completed either of these, take them again.) No, these self-evaluations aren’t perfect, but they do pinpoint your top areas of strengths, so you can focus on the change you were meant to bring into the world.

3. Find what you are good at (and not good at).

This might be the most difficult step in the process of finding who you are, but it’s a necessary one. Sure, it takes trial and error to find what you’re good at, and no, I don’t want you to give up before you’ve had more than enough attempts, but knowing when to quit is a gift that everyone needs to learn. Quit when you’ve put in ample time and your efforts aren’t giving back in return. What is ample time? Only you can decide that. But when you quit correctly, it isn’t giving up, it’s making room for something better. When your actions do nothing but drain you—rather than produce more passion and increase your drive to do more—that’s a good sign it is time to focus elsewhere. Your strengths will show you who you are.

4. Find what you are passionate about.

Following a passion of any kind is a good thing, and you need to pay attention when it comes because it indicates an area of life that you need to pay more attention to. If we’re talking about following your passion for work, it’s a good thing. And if we’re talking about having more passion for life, it’s a good thing. Focus more on passion; understand yourself in better ways, and you’ll make a bigger impact. Passion produces effort and continuous effort produces results.

5. Ask for feedback.

If you don’t know yourself, hearing what others have to say about you is a helpful practice. Ask them two simple questions: “What strengths do you think I need to develop further?” and “What weaknesses do you think I need to work on?” Of course, their opinion isn’t going to be perfect, but their feedback will probably indicate a few areas you should at least take a second look at. This step is especially important for those who are stuck in finding themselves. Sometimes those closest to us can see something we might not be able to see in ourselves.

6. Assess your relationships.

A large aspect of knowing yourself can be found in your relationships. When you realize you’ll never truly know anyone else until you discover yourself, the importance of knowing yourself becomes even more apparent. This truth especially rings true for business leaders, because if you don’t know the people on your team, then you will be lost as a leader. But this rule also applies to any relationship in your life. Almost as much as you need to know yourself, other people also need to know who you are. People need you—the real you. Use your reflections to fight your biggest fears, because when you understand who you are meant to be, your purpose will finally become bigger than your fears. When you realize who you are, you will spend less time spinning your wheels. Focusing on your strengths gives you the needed traction to begin making a bigger and better difference in the world. When you know yourself, you will find more peace, and you will find success quicker than ever before. There are only two steps to success: Discover your brilliance and perfect it. Doing this will allow you to receive the wealth you truly deserve. The only waste of human resources is letting them go unused.